{"slug":"nad","seoKey":"nad","inn":"nadide","displayName":"NAD+","codes":["NAD+","DPN"],"synonyms":["nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide","NAD","beta-NAD","Nadide","Nadidum","Nicotinamid-Adenin-Dinukleotid","coenzyme I","diphosphopyridine nucleotide","NMN, NR and nicotinamide are DIFFERENT substances with their own registry numbers and their own legal status"],"legalClass":"supplement","identifiers":{"cas":"53-84-9","pubchemCid":5892,"unii":"0U46U6E8UK","inchikey":"BAWFJGJZGIEFAR-NNYOXOHSSA-N","drugbankId":"DB14128","wikidataQid":"Q12499775","formula":"C21H27N7O14P2","molecularWeight":663.43},"approvals":[{"market":"US","status":"not_approved","note":"No approved medicinal product; both active ingredient queries returned no match on 2026-09-07. Not on the compounding bulks list either, and none of the three statutory routes to lawful compounding could be established. The forty-four labels carrying the substance name are homeopathic over-the-counter preparations, which are not an approval. The oral precursors are marketed as dietary supplements.","source":"https://api.fda.gov/drug/drugsfda.json?search=openfda.generic_name:nadide"},{"market":"EU","status":"not_approved","note":"No marketing authorisation identified; an injectable preparation would be a medicinal product and would require one. No novel food authorisation for the substance itself was found either, so an oral preparation could not lawfully be marketed. The precursor nicotinamide riboside chloride is authorised as a novel food, which covers that precursor and not this substance.","source":"https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines?search_api_fulltext=nicotinamide+adenine+dinucleotide"},{"market":"DE","status":"not_approved","note":"An infusion or injection is a medicinal product and is not marketable without an authorisation. Food law governs the oral precursors instead. Health claims are limited to the authorised niacin claims on energy metabolism and fatigue; anti-ageing claims are not authorised.","source":"https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/amg_1976/__21.html"},{"market":"UK","status":"not_approved","note":"No authorised medicinal product identified; the precursor is on sale as a food supplement. Not verified against a primary regulator document on 2026-09-07.","source":"https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/search?q=nicotinamide+adenine+dinucleotide"},{"market":"AU","status":"not_approved","note":"No authorised medicinal product and no entry in the Poisons Standard; a full-text search on 2026-09-07 covering the dinucleotide and both precursors returned no entry. The adjacent nicotinic acid entry is dose-dependent and expressly exempts nicotinamide, so the standard treats the vitamin forms differently and does not capture the precursors.","source":"https://www.legislation.gov.au/F2026L00633/asmade"},{"market":"CA","status":"not_approved","note":"No authorised medicinal product identified. The regulator's interface did not support an ingredient filter on 2026-09-07 and the natural health product database returned an error, so this finding is not primary-verified.","source":"https://health-products.canada.ca/api/drug/activeingredient/?ingredientname=nadide"},{"market":"CH","status":"not_approved","note":"No authorised medicinal product identified. Not verified against a primary regulator document on 2026-09-07.","source":"https://www.swissmedicinfo.ch/"}],"devStage":"phase2","strongestEvidence":"rct_phase2","wada":{"status":"not_listed","listYear":2026,"source":"https://www.wada-ama.org/en/prohibited-list"},"trials":[{"nct":"NCT06162013","name":"Precursor substitution in atypical parkinsonism","phase":"Phase 2","n":330,"status":"RECRUITING"},{"nct":"NCT04750616","name":"Augmentation in myocardial injury after cardiac surgery","phase":"Phase 2","n":304,"status":"RECRUITING"},{"nct":"NCT05589766","name":"Dose optimisation of nicotinamide riboside in Parkinson disease","phase":"Phase 2","n":81,"status":"COMPLETED"},{"nct":"NCT05617508","name":"Dose optimisation of nicotinamide riboside in Alzheimer disease","phase":"Phase 2","n":80,"status":"COMPLETED"},{"nct":"NCT04809974","name":"Nicotinamide riboside in persistent symptoms after COVID-19","phase":"Phase 4","n":72,"status":"COMPLETED"},{"nct":"NCT05517122","name":"Oral precursors compared for their effect on blood levels in healthy adults","n":68,"status":"COMPLETED"},{"nct":"NCT02303483","name":"Nicotinamide riboside in men with obesity (primary endpoint not met)","n":40,"status":"COMPLETED"},{"nct":"NCT04604704","name":"Low-dose naltrexone and the dinucleotide itself in post-COVID syndrome","phase":"Phase 2","n":36,"status":"COMPLETED"},{"nct":"NCT03816020","name":"Precursor substitution in treatment-naive Parkinson disease","n":30,"status":"COMPLETED"},{"nct":"NCT03423342","name":"Nicotinamide riboside in systolic heart failure","phase":"Phase 1","n":30,"status":"COMPLETED"},{"nct":"NCT04907110","name":"Nicotinamide riboside and physical training","n":30,"status":"COMPLETED"},{"nct":"NCT03151239","name":"Nicotinamide mononucleotide in postmenopausal women with prediabetes","phase":"Phase 2","n":25,"status":"COMPLETED"},{"nct":"NCT05344404","name":"High-dose nicotinamide riboside in Parkinson disease","phase":"Phase 1","n":20,"status":"COMPLETED"},{"nct":"NCT02835664","name":"Nicotinamide riboside and body composition in overweight adults","n":13,"status":"COMPLETED"},{"nct":"NCT04817111","name":"Precursor in Friedreich ataxia","phase":"Phase 2","n":7,"status":"COMPLETED"}],"sameAs":["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12499775","https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/5892","https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB14128"],"lastVerified":"2026-09-07","version":"1.0","published":true,"locale":"en","title":"NAD+: what the studies show, status and safety","summary":"NAD+ is not a peptide but a coenzyme every living cell makes itself. It is listed here only because it is sold as an injection beside peptides. No country has approved it. Almost all human evidence concerns the swallowed building blocks NR and NMN. The one human measurement of an infusion found NAD+ gone from the blood within two hours.","updated":"2026-09-07","url":"https://mypep.app/peptides/nad"}