{"slug":"ll-37","seoKey":"ll37","inn":"ropocamptide","displayName":"LL-37","codes":["LL-37","LL-37001B"],"synonyms":["cathelicidin LL-37","hCAP-18 fragment","CAP-18 (104-140)","ropocamptide","antimicrobial peptide LL-37","CAMP gene product (C-terminal fragment)","FALL-39 (the two-residue-longer form first described in 1995 is a related but distinct peptide)"],"legalClass":"investigational","identifiers":{"cas":"154947-66-7","pubchemCid":16198951,"unii":"3DD771JO2H","chemblId":"CHEMBL530345","wikidataQid":"Q135995608","formula":"C205H340N60O53","molecularWeight":4493,"sequence":"LLGDFFRKSKEKIGKEFKRIVQRIKDFLRNLVPRTES"},"approvals":[{"market":"US","status":"investigational","note":"Not approved; no entry and no approved labelling found on 2026-09-07. Explicitly named on the list of bulk drug substances that may present significant safety risks, in the section for nominations withdrawn by the nominators, citing immunogenicity risk for certain routes and difficulties with peptide-related impurities.","source":"https://www.fda.gov/drugs/human-drug-compounding/certain-bulk-drug-substances-use-compounding-may-present-significant-safety-risks"},{"market":"EU","status":"investigational","note":"Not approved; no centralised marketing authorisation. Clinical development took place as an investigational medicinal product, registered in the European clinical trials register under 2012-002100-41; an investigational product is by definition not authorised.","source":"https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines?search_api_fulltext=ropocamptide"},{"market":"DE","status":"investigational","note":"Not approved; a substance with a medicinal purpose may not be placed on the market without an authorisation. Use outside clinical trials is not provided for.","source":"https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/amg_1976/__21.html"},{"market":"UK","status":"investigational","note":"Not approved and no substance-specific regulatory measure found. Not verified against a primary regulator document on 2026-09-07.","source":"https://products.mhra.gov.uk/search/?search=LL-37"},{"market":"AU","status":"investigational","note":"Not approved and not named in the Poisons Standard; a full-text search on 2026-09-07 for the peptide, its trivial names and its international nonproprietary name returned no entry. Absence of a listing does not make the substance freely available, since unapproved therapeutic goods remain regulated.","source":"https://www.legislation.gov.au/F2026L00633/asmade"},{"market":"CA","status":"investigational","note":"Not approved and no substance-specific regulatory measure found. Not verified against a primary regulator document on 2026-09-07.","source":"https://health-products.canada.ca/api/drug/activeingredient/?ingredientname=ropocamptide"},{"market":"CH","status":"investigational","note":"Not approved. Not verified against a primary regulator document on 2026-09-07.","source":"https://www.swissmedicinfo.ch/"}],"devStage":"phase2","strongestEvidence":"rct_phase2","wada":{"status":"prohibited","section":"S0","listYear":2026,"source":"https://www.wada-ama.org/en/prohibited-list"},"trials":[{"nct":"NCT02225366","name":"Intratumoral administration in melanoma with cutaneous or subcutaneous metastases","phase":"Phase 1/Phase 2","n":4,"status":"COMPLETED"},{"nct":"NCT04098562","name":"Topical cream in diabetic foot ulcer with mild infection","phase":"Phase 2","n":40,"status":"UNKNOWN"}],"sameAs":["https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q135995608","https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/16198951","https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/compound_report_card/CHEMBL530345/","https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P49913/entry"],"lastVerified":"2026-09-07","version":"1.0","published":true,"locale":"en","title":"LL-37: what the trials show, status and safety","summary":"LL-37 is a peptide the human body makes itself, part of the first line of defence against microbes. Under the drug name ropocamptide it was tested as a liquid put on chronic leg wounds. The largest trial, in 149 adults, missed its main goal: 26.5% and 24.7% of wounds closed on the peptide against 25.3% on a dummy treatment. No country has approved it, and the American medicines authority lists it as an ingredient that may present significant safety risks.","updated":"2026-09-07","url":"https://mypep.app/peptides/ll-37"}